SCHOOL VIOLENCE & Bullying - Types, Causes of school violence and how to get protected from school violence and bullying in private and public schools.
School violence and school bullying is today becoming a normal thing in our society. But his ought not to be so. Our academic environment should be free from all forms of violence and bullying which could be very inimical to the process of learning. Learning should be done in a very conducive atmosphere.
Violence in both public and private schools in the United State, Europe, Asia and Africa is now a major concern to our society. It affects the lives and physical integrity of persons especially the teenagers and the "young adults . It is a product development model that has its roots in history.
What is Violence?
The definition of violence is necessary for a greater understanding of school violence.
Violence It is a breach of order and rules of life in society.
The attack is direct, physical against the person whose life, health and physical integrity or liberty is in danger from the action of others. In this sense Aida Miller expressed "understand the violence, while the absence and disregard the rights of others" [1]. In the study conducted by the author in a school, we sought to understand the concept of violence given by faculty and students of the institution.
For the student body "violence is physical abuse, symbolized by the rape, family fights and also the lack of respect among people." While the faculty "violence is noncompliance and lack of material conditions of the population, associating violence to poverty, social exclusion and disrespect to the citizens."
Aggression Crime and Violence
It is important to reflect the difference between aggression, crime and violence.
Aggression is intense adaptive behavior, ie, the individual who is the victim of constant violence have difficulty relating to others and to set limits because they sometimes were not built within the family.
The subject is aggressive to defend itself it is not considered violent. He owns "the standards of education contrary to the rules of coexistence and respect for each other." ABRAMOVAY; STREET (2002) Peace-building has served in several areas and shows that the aggressive impulse is so inherent in human nature than the loving impulse, so that the channel is required for constructive purposes, ie, the indignation is accepted but should be used in a productive way.
Crime is a social classification and therefore is a socially defined labeling attributed to someone who did what is disapproved. "Do not reproach because the act is criminal. It's criminal because we reprove" (Emile Durkheim).
Violence can also be "a reaction resulting in a feeling of threat or failure of psychic ability to support the set of internal and external pressures to which it is submitted" LEVISKY (1995) apud DAYS; Zenaide (2003)
Types of violence
The violence that children and teenagers play is above all that they have on their environment Colombie et al. (1989). The child in the school reflects the frustrations his or her day to day activities.
Types of violence committed within the school.
Violence against property - is violence against the physical school. "It is against the very building that turn pre-teens and teenagers, who are obliged to pass this place eight or nine hours a day." Colombie et al. (1989)
Violence at home - is the violence perpetrated by family members or persons connected directly to the daily intercourse of adolescents.
Violence symbols - Violence has on the school when the student cancels the ability to think and makes him or she unable to reproduce."Symbolic violence is the most difficult to be perceived ... because it is exercised by society when it is not able to send their youth to the labor market, when it offers them opportunities to develop creative and leisure activities, when schools impose contents devoid of interest and meaning to the lives of students, or when teachers refuse to provide sufficient explanations, leaving students to their own devices, demeaning them with words and attitudes of unworthiness. " (ABRAMOVAY; STREET, 2002, p.335) symbolic violence can also be against the teacher when it is attacked in his work by indifference and disinterest of the student. ABRAMOVAY; STREET (2002)
Physical violence - "Fighting, beat, kill, kill, rape, robbery, assault, shooting, beating, beating, nigga bleeding, have war with someone, go armed, and also participate in the activities of guangues" ABRAMOVAY et al. (1999)
The factors that lead young people to perform violent acts
There are numerous factors that can lead a child or an adolescent to a criminal act, then discuss who we believe are most relevant.
Social inequality is one of the factors that lead a young person to commit violent acts. The situation of total lack of basic conditions of survival tends to dull the individuals thus poverty would be generating desruptivas personalities. "From this ... to be in a secondary position in society and have less opportunities for work, study and consumption, and are poor because they feel mistreated, seen as different and inferior. For this reason, the perceptions they have about young people are very wealthy and full of violent hatred ... " ABRAMOVAY et al. (1999) is a form of punishment for the society that gives opportunities.
The influence of reference groups of values, beliefs and behaviors would also be a young person's motivation to commit crimes.
"The reason why young people join gangs ... is the search for answers to their basic human needs such as the feeling of belonging, a greater identity, self-esteem and protection, and the gang seems to be a solution to their problems short-term "ABRAMOVAY et al. (1999), so the offender feel protected by a group that has confidence. "Values such as solidarity, humility, camaraderie, respect, tolerance are little encouraged in the practice of social life, whether in family, school, work or leisure facilities. The absence of these practices give rise to individualism, the law of the strong, the need to take advantage of everything, hence the brutality and intolerance "(Monteiro, 2003) the influence of guangues that combine the failure of family and school. The tolerant and permissive education does not take ethics into the family. Parents educate their children and they grow up thinking they can do anything.
It is within the gang or guangues as indicated Alba Zaluar that young people prove their courage, challenge the fear of death and prison. It is a criminal subculture marked by male performance (ZALUAR, 1992, p.27).
The individual faces a wide range of opportunities: drug use, alcohol use, use of the firearm coupled with lack of control of the police, family and community make the individual motivated to complete the criminal act. "Lack of affection and causes socio-economic or cultural mix certainly there, and flows in these attitudes." (Colombie, 1989, p.35). "The availability of firearms and the changes it imposes conflicting communities, contributing to the increase of the deadly nature of conflict in schools" ABRAMOVAY; STREET
(2002, p.73) "the lack of policing the situation worsens to the extent that the police may be synonymous with security and order" ABRAMOVAY; STREET (2002, p.337)
REFERENCES
ABRAMOVAY, Miriam; STREET, Mary of Graces - Violence in schools . Ed.Unesco, institutional donations.
ABRAMOVAY, Miriam, et al - Guangues, galleys, and arrived rappers. RJ, Ed Garamond, 1999.
Colombier, Claire; Mangel, Gilbert; PERDRIAULT, Marguerite. The violence in school. Sao Paulo, Ed.Summus, 1989.
Guimarães, Eloisa. School, Galeras and Drug Trafficking . Ed UFRJ.
SILVA, Aida Maria Monteiro. EDUCATION AND VIOLENCE: the role of the school? www.dhnet.org.br / inedex.htm, 2002
SILVA, Aida Maria Monteiro. VIOLENCE IN SCHOOLS: THE PERCEPTION OF STUDENTS AND TEACHERS . www.dhnet.org.br / inedex.htm, 2002
ZALUAR, Alba (org). Violence and education . St. Paul, editor Cortez, 1992
[1] Aida Silva, education and violence:
the role of the school ? www.dhnet.org.br / inedex.htm, 10/01/2003
the role of the school ? www.dhnet.org.br / inedex.htm, 10/01/2003